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Sumerian literature is the literature written in the Sumerian language during the Middle Bronze Age. Most Sumerian literature is preserved indirectly, via Assyrian or Babylonian copies. The Sumerians invented the first writing system, developing Sumerian cuneiform writing out of earlier proto-writing systems by about the 30th century 8--. The earliest literary texts appear from about the 27th century BCE. The Sumerian language remained in official and literary use in the Akkadian and Babylonian empires, even after the spoken language disappeared from the population; literacy was widespread, and the Sumerian texts that students copied heavily influenced later Babylonian literature. Sumerian literature has not been handed down to us directly. ==Literary works== Important works include: * A ''Creation and Flood Myth'' ((translation )) * Three epic cycles: * * Two Enmerkar legends: * * *''Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta'' ((translation )) * * *''Enmerkar and En-suhgir-ana'' ((translation )) * * Two tales of Lugalbanda during Enmerkar's campaign against Aratta: * * *''Lugalbanda in the Mountain Cave'' ((translation )) * * *''Lugalbanda and the Anzud Bird'' ((translation )) * * Five stories in the Gilgamesh epic cycle: * * *''Gilgamesh and Huwawa'' ((version A ), (version B )) * * *''Gilgamesh and the Bull of Heaven'' ((translation )) * * *''Gilgamesh and Aga'' ((translation )) * * *''Gilgamesh, Enkidu and the Netherworld'' ((translation )) * * *''The Death of Gilgamesh'' ((translation )) * The ''Lament for Ur'' ((translation )) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sumerian literature」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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